Isithiyo sokukhiqiza ivolumu ephansi ezinqubweni eziningi zokwakha ithuluzi. I-die casting die ibiza u-$30,000–100,000+ futhi yenza kube nengqondo ukuncishiswa ngamavolumu amakhulu. I-forging die ngokufanayo idinga umthamo. Amathuluzi okutshala imali - umjovo we-aluminiyamu we-wax uyafa - ngokuvamile kubiza ingxenyana yalokho, ngokuvamile u-$1,500–8,000 kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi, futhi ikhiqiza amaphethini ngokushesha.
Qalisa izibalo kubakaki bokucatshangelwa be-1.2 kg ngezingcezu ezingama-200 ngonyaka:
- I-CNC kusuka kupuleti: ~ 85% yezinto ezibonakalayo ziba ama-chips; amahora ambalwa okugaya ingxenye ngayinye; inani leyunithi lihlala liphezulu phakade.
- Ukwenziwa kwesihlabathi: ukusebenzisa amathuluzi ashibhile kodwa ukubekezelela okungu-±1.5 mm+, izindawo ezingezinhle, nomshini wesibili cishe kubo bonke ubuso obusebenzayo.
- I-Die casting: ukusebenzisa amathuluzi kukodwa kudlula yonke ingxenye yonyaka echithiwe.
- Ukutshala imali: ukusebenzisa amathuluzi amaphakathi, ukunemba kwe-CT5–6, ubuso obuningi busebenziseka njengokusakazwa.
Ezingcezu ezingu-200, ithuluzi lokutshala imali lincishiswa ngokushesha, futhi konke ukusakaza ngemva kwalokho kubiza kakhulu okungaphansi kokulingana komshini. I-crossover emelene ne-CNC-from-solid ngokuvamile iwela endaweni ethile phakathi kwezingcezu ezingama-20 neziyi-100 kuye ngejometri - okusho ukuthi ezingxenyeni eziningi zangokwezifiso, ngisho nama-oda amancane ngempela ashibhe njengokulingisa.
Isivinini se-Prototype Ngaphandle Kwe-Prototype Compromise
Amashejuli okuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo ajezisa izikhathi zokuhola zamathuluzi. Ukuhlakanipha okuvamile kuthi ama-prototypes kumele enziwe ngomshini ngoba akuthathi ithuluzi - kodwa amaphethini okusakaza aphrintiwe e-3D asuse lokho kucatshangelwa.
Ngamaphethini e-QuickCast / castable resin , ukuhamba komsebenzi kokusakazwa manje kubukeka kanje: Imodeli ye-CAD iphothulwe ngoMsombuluko; amaphethini aphrintiwe ngobusuku; amagobolondo akhiwe, adutshulwa, futhi ajikijelwa phakathi nesonto; izingxenye ezilethwa nge-casting alloy, ku-geometry eseduze-yokugcina, izinsuku ezingu-10-14 kusukela ekukhishweni komdwebo. Qhathanisa lokho nokwenza ingxenye eyinkimbinkimbi ye-axis engu-5 (engase isheshe ucezu olulodwa kodwa ingafiki ku-20) noma ilinde amaviki angu-6-10 ukuze isetshenziswe ngendlela evamile.
Inzuzo yesu icashile kunejubane: ukulingisa kwe-prototype kuwukulingisa kwangempela. Baphethe i-microstructure ye-alloy yangempela, ukuguqulwa kwesigaba sangempela, kanye nezindawo zangempela ezisakazwayo zenqubo yokukhiqiza. Uma uqinisekisa idizayini ekulingisini kotshalomali kwephethini ephrintiwe, uqinisekisa inqubo yokukhiqiza ngesikhathi esifanayo - hhayi ukuhlawumbisela okwenziwe ngomshini okuzosebenza ngendlela ehlukile uma sekudlalwa ochungechungeni. Ukubuyekezwa kwedizayini okutholwe esiteji sesibonelo kubiza amahora wobunjiniyela; ukubuyekezwa okufanayo okutholwe ngemva kokunqanyulwa kwamathuluzi okukhiqiza kubiza ithuluzi elisha.
Dizayina Inkululeko Esetshenziswa Amavolumu Aphansi Empeleni
Ukukhiqizwa kwevolumu ephezulu kujezisa ubunkimbinkimbi bejometri ngoba inkimbinkimbi ihlala kumathuluzi abizayo. Ukutshala imali kuyayivuza, ngoba "ithuluzi" liyiphethini ye-wax - futhi inkimbinkimbi yephethini cishe imahhala.
Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngevolumu ephansi, lapho izingxenye zivame ukuba khona:
- Ukushintshwa kwefa kwezingxenye akusagciniwe - ngokuvamile ukulingisa okuyinkimbinkimbi okungakaze kuklanyelwe ukwenziwa ngomshini
- Ukuhlanganiswa kokushisela okunezingxenye eziningi kube ukulingisa okukodwa (ubakaki, ama-gussets amathathu, namaphedi afakwayo amabili kuba yingxenye eyodwa - okuqeda ukuhlolwa kokushisela kanye namaphoyinti okuhluleka)
- Imiklamo eqhutshwa ukusebenza - iziteshi zangaphakathi, izimbambo ezikhonjisiwe, ukwakheka kwemvelo okulungiselelwe ukuqina kwesisindo okungekho inqubo ekhiphayo engakhiqiza ngokwezomnotho.
Uma amanani emancane, ukudizayina kabusha kokusakazwa kulula ukukuthethelela: ukusebenzisa ithuluzi kunesizotha, ijometri ayikhawulelwe ngama-engeli asalungiswa noma imigqa yokuhlukanisa, futhi ukulingisa okukodwa kungena esikhundleni somhlangano. Sihlala siguqula izindwangu ezishiselwe zabakhi kabusha bemishini zibe ukulingisa okukodwa okushibhile futhi okuqinile kunomshini wokushisela okushintshayo.
Izidingo Zekhwalithi Aziphumuli Ngevolumu Ephansi - Nathi Asizipholi
Ukucatshangwa okujwayelekile ukuthi abahlinzeki bevolumu ephansi basebenza ngezindinganiso ezisezingeni eliphansi. Kunoma yini ethinta ingcindezi, ukuphakamisa, noma imithwalo ye-drivetrain, lokho kucabanga kuyingozi. Amaqoqo amancane asadinga:
- Ukulandeleka okuphelele kwezinto ezibonakalayo - izinombolo zokushisa, ikhemistri, nemiphumela yokuhlolwa komshini (EN 10204 3.1)
- Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-Dimensional - ama-athikili okuqala ahlolwe i-CMM ngokumelene nomdwebo, kanye nokuhlola okusekelwe kugeji ochungechungeni
- Ukulawulwa kokukhubazeka - ikhwalithi yegobolondo efanayo, isiyalo sokuthulula, futhi i-NDE (MT/UT/RT) isetshenziswa ku-oda leziqephu ezingama-50 njengokuyisiqephu esingu-50,000 esisodwa.
- Imibhalo yenqubo - yezinhlelo zezimoto nezingekho emgwaqweni onguthelawayeka, imibhalo yesitayela se-PPAP ngisho nakumavolumu okukhiqizwa kwebhuloho
Lona umbandela wokukhetha okufanele abathengi bawuhlole: buza umuntu ongase abe nevolumu ephansi etholakalayo ukuthi bayilawula kanjani ikhwalithi ku-oda lezingcezu ezingu-30. Umhlinzeki onekhono uphendula ngamasistimu afanayo abawasebenzisela ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial - ngenxa yokuthi amasistimu ayancipha, awacimi. Njengefekthri eqinisekisiwe ye-IATF 16949, sisebenzisa isistimu yekhwalithi eyodwa kuwo wonke usayizi we-oda; isitifiketi asazi ukuthi inqwaba ingakanani.
Iqoqo elincane kuya ku-serial: Ibhuloho Elingenasikhala
Iningi lamakhasimende ethu liqala lincane - i-prototype lisebenza ka-10, i-oda lebhuloho elingu-200 ngenkathi abahlinzeki basekhaya behamba ngamarampu - futhi bakhule babe ukukhiqizwa kwe-serial. Inzuzo yokusakazwa kwezimali lapha ukuqhubeka: ithuluzi lephethini efanayo, umzila wenqubo, kanye nesilinganiso sohlelo lwekhwalithi ukusuka esihlokweni sokuqala ukuya kumavolumu wonyaka emashumini ezinkulungwane. Akukho lutho olulahlwayo lapho umthamo wenyuka; akukho utshalomali lwesibili lwamathuluzi oludingekayo; kanye nedatha yenqubo ethwetshulwe ngevolumu ephansi (isinxephezelo sokuncipha, isivuno sokusakaza, amandla ezilinganiso ezibucayi) ithwala ngokuqondile ekukhiqizeni uchungechunge.
Qhathanisa lokho ne-trap yakudala: i-prototyping by machining, bese uthola ngenjongo yokukhiqiza ukuthi umklamo owenziwe ngomshini awukwazi ukusakaza - ama-undercuts, izindonga ezincane kakhulu, izigaba ezingakwazi ukuphakela - okuphoqa ukuklama kabusha lapho ishejuli iqine kakhulu. Ukudizayina ukusakaza kusuka ku-prototype yokuqala kuqeda lelo dwala.
Lapho Ivolumu Ephansi Ingakuthandi Ukusakaza Kwezimali
Ubunjiniyela obuthembekile busho ukwazi izimo zemingcele. Ukutshala imali kuyinqubo engalungile uma:
- Udinga ncamashi izingxenye ezingu-1-3 zejiyomethri elula - ukwenza imishini kusuka kubha noma ipuleti iwina ngesivinini
- Ingxenye inkulu kakhulu (ingaphezu kuka-100-150 kg noma imvilophu eyeqisayo) - ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi noma ukwakhiwa kuyathatha
- Ukubekezelela kuyi-IT6/IT7 ezindaweni eziningi - okuqukethwe komshini kususa inzuzo yokusakaza
- Izingxenye zodonga ziwela ngaphansi kuka-~2.5–3 mm ngosayizi wengxenye uwonke — kuyasebenza imikhawulo yokusanhlamvu
Umsunguli omuhle ukutshela lokhu esigabeni sokucaphuna. Sibuze, futhi uzothola impendulo eqondile — efaka "imishini" lapho lokho ishibhile ngempela kuwe.
Umugqa Ophansi
Izingxenye zangokwezifiso zevolumu ephansi zihlala endaweni lapho umnotho wamathuluzi, izidingo zokunemba, nezikhathi zokuhola zingqubuzana. Ukutshala izimali kulungisa lokho kungqubuzana: ukusebenzisa amathuluzi okunesizotha, ukunemba komumo oseduze nenetha kuma-alloys onjiniyela bangempela, isivinini se-prototype ngamaphethini aphrintiwe, kanye nesistimu yekhwalithi ekala isuka kwezingu-10 iye ku-100,000 ngaphandle kokushintsha. Kwabakhi kabusha, abakhi bemishini, kanye nama-OEMs axhumela ekukhiqizeni, akuyona inqubo yokuyekethisa - iyona efanele.
I-Ningbo Ruican yenza ukufakwa kwe-investimenti yevolumu ephansi kuya kwamaphakathi ngensimbi ye-carbon, insimbi ye-alloy, insimbi engagqwali, ne-ductile iron, enomshini wangaphakathi we-CNC, ukuphathwa kwekhwalithi okuqinisekisiwe kwe-IATF 16949, kanye nephethini yephethini ephrintiwe etholakalayo. Sithumelele umdwebo wakho kanye nenani eliqondiwe — sizocaphuna inqubo elingana ngokweqiniso, ngevolumu oyidingayo ngempela.
Thola ikhotheshini yokusakaza yevolumu ephansi phakathi namahora angu-48 ku-www.kstcasting.com.
