I-Investing Casting Surface Qeda: Amanani e-Ra, Okulindelekile, Nokucaciswa Okuhlakaniphile

Buza abathengi abayishumi ukuthi kusho ukuthini "ukuqedwa okuhle kwendawo" ekulingeni futhi uzothola izimpendulo eziyishumi ezihlukene: "bushelelezi," "njengomshini," "ayikho imigodi," "ingcono kunokuphonsa isihlabathi," "Ra 3.2 yonke indawo." Eziningi zalezo zimpendulo zibiza imali - ngokuvamile ngaphezu kwalokho ezikudingayo. Ukuqedwa kwendawo kungenye yezidingo ezicaciswe kakhulu ekuthengeni izinto, futhi enye engaqondakali kakhulu. Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali okuletha ini ngempela, ukuthi amanani e-Ra asebenza kanjani ezindaweni ezikhonjiwe, nokuthi ungacacisa kanjani isiphetho ukuze ukhokhele lokho okudingwa ingxenye yakho - akukho okunye.

Okushiwo "Ukuqedwa Kwendawo" Ekubunjweni

Engxenyeni eyenziwe ngomshini, ukuqedwa kwangaphezulu kuyindaba yejiyomethri yethuluzi, izinga lokuphakelayo nesivinini sokuphotha - inqubo elawulwayo ekhiqiza umphumela olinganisekayo, ophindaphindwayo. Ku-casting, indawo eyi-as-cast iyikhophi yangaphakathi yegobolondo le-ceramic: izuza njengefa ubulukhuni begobolondo, olulungiswe ngendlela insimbi egcwalisa futhi iqine ngayo. Leyo khophi yinhle ngokumangalisayo - yingakho nje ukutshala imali kukhethelwa izingxenye zezimonyo nezisebenzayo ngokufanayo - kodwa kuwuhlobo oluhlukile lokushelela kunomshini, futhi kufanele lucaciswe ngendlela ehlukile.

Isilinganiso esijwayelekile sithi Ra (isilinganiso sobunzima) , ngama-micrometers (µm). Njengemodeli yengqondo enzima yokufaka utshalomali:

• I-Ra 0.8–1.6 µm - izindawo ezicwebezelayo njenge-cast, ezifinyeleleka ezindaweni ezibheke igobolondo zezingxenye ezincane enqubweni ye-silica sol; ngokuvamile i-as-cast engcono kakhulu ongathembela kuyo
• I-Ra 1.6–3.2 µm — uhla olujwayelekile lwentengiso lokusakazwa kokusakazwa okuningi kwensimbi ne-ductile iron
• I-Ra 3.2–6.3 µm - evamile ezingxenyeni zenqubo yengilazi yamanzi kanye nokubunjwa okukhulu; kusengcono kakhulu kunokubunjwa kwesihlabathi
• I-Ra 6.3–12.5 µm - indawo yokuphonsa isihlabathi; futhi lapho izindawo ezinzima ze-as-cast ku-castings enkulu yokutshala izimali zingahlala khona
• I-Ra 0.4–1.6 µm - umhlaba owenziwe ngomshini; kufezeke kuphela ngokususa impahla

Igebe eliphakathi kokuthi "i-best as-cast" kanye "noma iyiphi indawo eyenziwe ngomshini" ingumngcele lapho amaphutha amaningi okucaciswa enzeka khona.

Kungani izindawo zokutshala imali zihlukile kokusakazwa kwesihlabathi

Izizathu ezimbili, zombili ezifanele ukuqonda ngoba zichaza umehluko wamanani.

Ikhwalithi yegobolondo. Igobolondo le-silica sol ceramic elisetshenziswa ekulingeni utshalomali kwekhwalithi linendawo engaphakathi ecolekile, eminyene - ngokuyisisekelo isendlalelo se-ceramic esikopisha iphethini ye-wax enobunzima obuphansi. Amagobolondo engilazi yamanzi amaholoholo futhi ashibhile. Indawo yokubumba ye-sand casting, kahle-hle, iyisihlabathi: izinhlamvu ezingazodwana zishiya isigxivizo sazo ekubunjweni, zikhiqiza isici esimangelengele, isiphetho se-gritty surface (kanye "ne-sanding" yakudala yendawo lapho iphethini idlondlobala ngokumelene nesikhunta). Kungakho "kuwukulingisa, vele kubi" kuwumqondo wokuphonsa isihlabathi - akusebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo ekutshalweni kwezimali.

Awukho umugqa wokuhlukanisa. Ukubunjwa kwesihlabathi kanye nezingxenye zokulingisa ifa ziphethe umugqa wokuhlukanisa lapho kuhlangana khona amahhafu amabili esikhunta, kanye namaphini e-ejector nama-engeli asalungiswa. Ukufakwa kwe-investimenti akukho kulokhu: iphethini ye-wax iwumzimba obalulekile, ngakho-ke ukulingisa akunayo i-flash yokuhlukanisa futhi akukho mfuneko yokusalungiswa. Lowo mehluko owodwa uqeda izinkomba "zokubukeka kokusakaza" ezibonakala kakhulu futhi kungesinye sezizathu eziyinhloko ezenza izingxenye zabalingisi botshalomali zicaciswe lapho okubalulekile khona ukubukeka - izingxenye zephampu, ukusikwa kwevalvu, abakaki bezimoto, ihadiwe yokuhlobisa.

I-Cosmetic vs Functional Surface Izidingo

Iphutha lokucaciswa elibiza kakhulu ukuphatha indawo yezimonyo njengento esebenzayo. Umbuzo okufanele uwubuze kuyo yonke indawo uwukuthi: lenzani ngempela le ndawo?

Izindawo ezisebenzayo - ubuso obuvaliwe, izihlalo ezithwele, ubuso be-gasket, indawo egijimayo, ama-grooves aqondisa ama-O-rings - anezidingo zokusebenza zangempela. Kodwa phawula lokho abangavamile ukuba nakho: imfuneko yokuqeda i-as-cast. Izindawo ezisebenzayo cishe zihlala zenziwe ngomshini noma kunjalo, ngoba ukubekezelelana nokuqeda abakudingayo (Ra 0.8, flatness 0.05) akukwazi ukuvela kunoma iyiphi inqubo yokulingisa. Ngakho-ke umbuzo wokuqeda ukusebenza ekufakweni kwe-investimenti cishe njalo uphendulwa "ngomshini," futhi i-as-cast Ra ayibalulekile lapho.

Izindawo zezimonyo - okubonakalayo ngaphandle kwengxenye, umzimba wevalvu, ubuso bobakaki obubonwa endaweni yenjini - kulapho ukuqedwa okuphonswe khona kubaluleke ngempela, nalapho ukucaciswa okwengeziwe kugcwele khona. Imfuneko ye-as-cast Ra 3.2 engxenyeni yengilazi yamanzi iphoqa inqubo ebiza kakhulu ye-silica sol noma imisebenzi eyengeziwe yokuqhumisa/yokupholisha ukuze kuzuze iqanda. Imfuneko ye-as-cast Ra 6.3 ngabe idlulile ngokunjalo.

Umthetho wesithupha esiwusebenzisa kwa-Ningbo Ruican: cacisa ukuphela kokusakazwa kuphela lapho kubaluleke khona ngokubonakalayo noma ngokunamathela kokunamathela okunamathelayo okulandelayo, futhi ukugcine kungokoqobo ngenqubo - i-Ra 3.2 ye-silica sol, i-Ra 6.3 yengilazi yamanzi, ngaphandle uma udinga okungcono kakhulu futhi ulungele ukuyikhokhela.

Lapho Ukuqeda Okubalulekile Ngempela: Ukumboza Nokugqwala

Kunendawo eyodwa uma kushube kudinga ukunakwa kwangempela: lapho ingxenye izopendwa khona, igcotshwe ngempushana noma ifakwe ugesi. Izindawo ezibushelelezi zineziqongo ezicijile ezibonakala ngezingubo ezincanyana ("ikhasi elolintshi"), futhi izimbobo zingabhoda phezu kwemigodi namabhamuza kamuva. Ezingxenyeni ezipendiwe, abathengi bavame ukucacisa "isibhamu esiqhumile, bese siyapendiwa" - ukuqhuma kwenza imisebenzi emibili: ukuhlanza isikali nokudala iphrofayili yehange yokumboza.

Okwembozwe ngempushana kanye nejazi le-e, indawo ebushelelezi njenge-cast (Ra 3.2–6.3) kanye nephasi elincane eliqhumisayo kunikeza uchwepheshe, ngisho nokuqeda. Ukujaha u-Ra 1.6 kukho konke ukulingisa ngaphambi kokuba ukupenda kumoshwe imali - ukumbozwa kuzokala iziqongo ezincanyana noma kunjalo, futhi izindleko zokupholisha izindawo ezibunjiwe kulelo zinga zibalulekile.

Ungacacisa Kanjani I-Surface Qeda Ngokufanelekile

Iziqondiso ezisebenzayo zokucaciswa kwe-RFQ yakho elandelayo:

1. Hlukanisa izindawo ezinomshini nezisakazwa emdwebeni. Maka izindawo ezisebenzayo njengezinomshini wokubekezelela i-IT-grade kanye ne-Ra. Maka bonke abanye njengabalingisi nge-callout eyodwa yomhlaba.
2. I-State Ra kuphela lapho iqinisekiswa khona. Ezindaweni ezisakazwayo, ukulinganisa kuka-Ra kuyakhohlisa (ukulandelelwa kwe-profilometer endaweni egobile, eqhumile kunomsindo). I-callout engokoqobo efana ne-"as-cast Ra ≤ 6.3 µm, shot blast" iyahloleka futhi ithembekile; I-"Ra 1.6 as-cast" ayikho futhi izoba nenani sengathi yenziwe ngomshini.
3. Sebenzisa ukwamukela okubonakalayo lapho kungenzeka khona. Ezindaweni zezimonyo, vumelana nesampula ebonakalayo/ye-analogi ("okufana nesampula eligunyaziwe A") esikhundleni senombolo. Lona umkhuba ojwayelekile embonini futhi uphoqelela kakhulu kunocingo luka-Ra endaweni eqhumile.
4. Qondanisa i-callout nenqubo. Ungacacisi isiphetho sezinga le-silica-sol-level engxenyeni yengilazi yamanzi, futhi ungayikhokheli i-silica sol ngokuphela uma ukuqhuma ngemva kokuhlangabezana nesidingo sakho.
5. Buza i-Foundry ukuthi empeleni iphetheni. Umsunguli ocaphuna amandla ayo okulingisa wangempela, namasampula, nguzakwethu; eyodwa ethembisa i-Ra 1.6 as-cast kuyo yonke into inenani elisengozini.

Ukuqhumisa, Ukudilika kanye Nokupholisha: Ikhithi yamathuluzi yokuqeda

Ngaphandle kwe-as-cast, kunezinhlobo eziningi zokwelapha ezishibhile ukuya kwezimba eqolo okufanele ukwazi:

• Ukuqhuma kwesibhamu (okuvame kakhulu, okufakiwe): kususa izinsalela zegobolondo nesikali, isiphetho se-matte esifanayo, sivula indawo engaphezulu ukuze kuhlanganiswe. Okujwayelekile cishe kukho konke ukulingisa kwethu.
• Ukuqhunyiswa kwesihlabathi/ubuhlalu (okucolekile): i-etch lighter yezingxenye zezimonyo noma izingxenye ezincanyana ezidubula ukuqhuma zingavuleka.
• Ukudlidliza (ukushelela okushibhile): isusa imiphetho bese izungeza amakhona acijile; kuhle ezingxenyeni ezincane ezinemiphetho ethinta abaqhubi bomhlangano.
• Ukupholisha ngomshini / ukubhafa: kuphela lapho indawo engaphezulu kufanele ibukeke yenziwe ngomshini noma iqediwe ngesibuko; izindleko zikhuphuka ngokushesha ngendawo.
• Ukuchama kobuhlalu bengilazi: okulawulwayo, ukuqedwa okufanayo kanye nenzuzo yokucindezeleka ecindezela kancane; esetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibucayi nezizwela ukukhathala.

Kwabalingisi abaningi bezimboni, ukuqhunyiswa kwesibhamu kuwukuphela okuzenzakalelayo futhi kuhlangabezana nemfuneko. Sonke isinyathelo esingaphezu kwalokho kufanele sibe nesizathu.

Izindleko Zangempela Zokucacisa Kakhulu Qeda

Izinombolo eziwukhonkolo ziveza iphuzu. Ekubunjweni kwensimbi okujwayelekile okungu-2 kg:

• I-As-cast Ra 6.3, idutshuliwe: izindleko eziyisisekelo - zifakiwe kusicaphuni
• I-As-cast Ra 3.2 (i-silica sol surface): +5–15% izindleko zenqubo, ngezinye izikhathi ziro uma igobolondo lilungile noma kunjalo
• Izindawo ezibucayi ezenziwe ngomshini kuphela: +20–40% isamba sezindleko zengxenye (isikhathi somshini ekulingiseni okuseduze nenethi)
• Indawo yezimonyo epholishiwe: +30–60% noma ngaphezulu kulezo zindawo

Iqiniso elingathandeki: ukuphela kwendawo yilapho abasunguli bethola khona umkhawulo emidwebeni ecaciswe kakhulu. Umthengi othi "bushelelezi konke" uthola isaphulelo esikhokhela ukupholishwa angaboni. Umthengi othi "mshini lezi zindawo eziyisithupha, qhumisa konke okunye, ugunyaze ngesampula" uthola ikhotheshini encintisanayo kanye nengxenye eyenza umsebenzi wayo.

Kungani uNingbo Ruican Enendaba Nalokhu

Senza i-silica sol nengilazi yengilazi yokutshala imali ngensimbi ye-carbon, i-alloy steel, insimbi engagqwali ne-ductile iron, nesitolo sangaphakathi se-CNC kanye nekhono lokwelapha eligcwele kusuka ekuqhumeni ngokupholisha. Uma sibuyekeza umdwebo, ukucaciswa kwendawo kungenye yezinto zokuqala esixoxa ngazo - hhayi ngoba sifuna ukugwema umsebenzi, kodwa ngoba onjiniyela bethu abacaphuna baqeqeshiwe ukuze bahlukanise lokho okudingwa ingxenye kulokho okushiwo umdwebo, futhi ukukutshela umehluko ngokwethembeka. Umphumela uyikhwothi yokuqeda oyidingayo ngempela, ilethwe ngentengo efunwa yimakethe.

Sithumelele umdwebo wakho kanye nesitatimende esicacile sokuthi yiziphi izindawo ezisebenzayo: sizoqinisekisa ukuthi yini esingabamba njenge-cast, yini okufanele yenziwe ngomshini, nokuthi isiphetho sakho sangempela kufanele sibe yini.

Thola isibuyekezo sokuqeda phezulu ngesicaphuna sakho esilandelayo ku-www.kstcasting.com.